Modified plastics refer to plastic products that are processed and modified by filling, blending, strengthening and other methods on the basis of general plastics and engineering plastics to improve flame retardancy, strength, impact resistance, toughness and other properties.
1. Fill modification
Filling modification is to improve the performance of plastics by adding various fillers, such as calcium carbonate, talc powder, glass fiber, etc. Fillers can increase the hardness, strength, heat resistance, dimensional stability, etc., of plastics, and can also reduce costs.
For example, adding talc to polypropylene can improve the rigidity and heat resistance of polypropylene; Adding calcium carbonate to polyethylene can reduce the cost, while improving the hardness and dimensional stability of polyethylene.
2. Blending modification
Blending modification is the method of mechanically blending two or more kinds of plastics or rubber to prepare plastic alloys with new properties. The blending modification can synthesize the advantages of different plastics and improve the properties of plastics, such as mechanical properties, heat resistance, weather resistance, flame retardant and so on.
For example, blending polypropylene and polyethylene can improve the toughness and low temperature resistance of polypropylene; The heat resistance and dimensional stability of polystyrene can be improved by blending polystyrene with polycarbonate.
3. Enhancement modification
Reinforcement modification is to increase the strength and stiffness of plastics by adding fibrous or flaked reinforcement materials, such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, mica sheets, etc. The reinforcement material can withstand most of the load, thus improving the mechanical properties of the plastic.
For example, adding glass fiber to nylon can improve the strength and stiffness of nylon, making it a high-performance engineering plastic; Adding carbon fiber to polypropylene can improve the conductivity and heat resistance of polypropylene.
1. Automotive sector
Modified plastics are widely used in the automotive field, such as automotive interior, exterior, engine parts, electrical parts and so on. Modified plastics can improve the lightweight degree of automobiles, reduce fuel consumption, and improve safety and comfort.
For example, automotive interior parts such as instrument panels, door panels, seats, etc., can be modified polypropylene, polyurethane and other materials, with good toughness, impact resistance and heat resistance; Automobile exterior parts such as bumpers, fenders, rearview mirrors, etc., can be modified polypropylene, polycarbonate and other materials, with good weather resistance, scratch resistance and rigidity.
2. Electronic appliances
Modified plastics are also widely used in electronic and electrical fields, such as TV housings, computer cases, mobile phone housings, charger housings, etc. Modified plastics can improve the safety, reliability and aesthetics of electronic and electrical products.
For example, the TV shell can be made of flame-retardant modified polystyrene, polycarbonate and other materials, with good flame retardant and heat resistance; The computer case can be made of reinforced modified polypropylene, polycarbonate and other materials, with good rigidity and heat dissipation; The mobile phone shell can be made of scratch-resistant modified polycarbonate, polyester and other materials, which has good scratch resistance and aesthetics.
3. Construction field
The application of modified plastics in the field of construction mainly includes plastic doors and Windows, plastic pipes, plastic sheets and so on. Modified plastics can improve the durability, weather resistance and energy saving of building materials.
For example, plastic doors and Windows can be modified polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene and other materials, with good weather resistance, heat insulation and sealing; Plastic pipes can be modified polyethylene, polypropylene and other materials, with good pressure resistance, corrosion resistance and wear resistance; Plastic sheets can be made of modified polystyrene, polycarbonate and other materials, with good rigidity, impact resistance and heat insulation.
4. Other areas
Modified plastics can also be used in aerospace, medical equipment, sporting goods and other fields. In the field of aerospace, modified plastics can be used to manufacture aircraft interior parts, satellite parts, etc., with lightweight, high strength, high temperature resistance and other characteristics; In the field of medical devices, modified plastics can be used to manufacture syringes, infusion sets, artificial joints, etc., with biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, high temperature disinfection resistance and other characteristics; In the field of sporting goods, modified plastics can be used to manufacture sports shoes, sports equipment, etc., with good elasticity, wear resistance and weather resistance.
1. High performance
With the continuous progress of science and technology, the performance requirements of modified plastics are becoming higher and higher. In the future, modified plastics will develop in the direction of high performance, such as high strength, high toughness, high heat resistance, high flame retardant, high conductivity and so on.
For example, in the fields of aerospace, automotive, electronic and electrical appliances, high-performance modified plastics need to be used to meet the special requirements of products. In order to achieve high performance, it is necessary to use advanced modification technology and high-performance modified materials, such as nanomaterials, carbon fibers, ceramic fibers and so on.
2. Go green
With the continuous improvement of people's awareness of environmental protection, the environmental protection requirements for modified plastics are becoming higher and higher. In the future, modified plastics will develop in the direction of green environmental protection, such as degradable, recyclable, non-toxic and tasteless.
For example, in packaging, agriculture, construction and other fields, it is necessary to use degradable modified plastics to reduce the pollution of plastic waste to the environment; In the automotive, electronic and electrical fields, it is necessary to use recyclable modified plastics to realize the recycling of resources; In food, medicine and other fields, it is necessary to use non-toxic and odorless modified plastics to ensure the safety of products.
3. Multi-functional
With the continuous change of market demand, the functional requirements for modified plastics are becoming more and more diversified. In the future, modified plastics will develop in the direction of multi-function, such as antibacterial, anti-static, anti-ultraviolet, self-healing and so on.
For example, in the fields of health care, electronic appliances, automobiles, etc., antibacterial modified plastics need to be used to prevent the growth of bacteria; In electronic appliances, textiles and other fields, anti-static modified plastics need to be used to prevent the accumulation of static electricity; In the field of outdoor goods, automobiles, etc., it is necessary to use UV-resistant modified plastics to extend the service life of products; In aerospace, automotive and other fields, self-healing modified plastics need to be used to improve the reliability and safety of products.
In short, modified plastics, as a new material with high performance, green environmental protection and multi-function, have broad application prospects and development potential. With the continuous progress of science and technology and the constant change of market demand, modified plastics will continue to innovate and develop, providing more high-quality material support for the development of various fields.
