Lubricants have the following functions in composite plastic additives:
1. Improve processing performance
Reduce the friction between the plastic melt and the processing equipment, reduce the flow resistance of the melt, so that the plastic in the extrusion, injection molding and other processing processes more smooth, reduce energy consumption.
Help to improve production efficiency, reduce equipment wear, prolong the service life of equipment.
2. Improve the appearance quality of products
Make the surface of plastic products more smooth, smooth, reduce surface defects and defects, such as ripples, welding marks.
3. Promote uniform dispersion of materials
Help a variety of additives (such as fillers, pigments, etc.) in the plastic matrix uniform distribution, improve the performance of the product consistency.
4. Control demoulding performance
Make plastic products more easily out of the mold, and do not damage the product and mold, improve the continuity of production and product pass rate.
5. Adjust the physical properties of plastics
An appropriate amount of lubricant can improve the physical properties of plastics such as flexibility and impact strength to a certain extent.
For example, when extruding plastic pipes, the lubricant can reduce the friction between the pipe and the extruder screw, the barrel and the mold, so that the surface of the pipe is smooth and flawless, and the pipe can be smoothly removed from the mold. When injection molding complex plastic products, the lubricant helps the plastic melt fill the mold cavity, ensuring the integrity and good appearance of the product.
In short, lubricants play an indispensable role in composite plastic additives, and have an important impact on the processing process and product quality of plastics.
The relationship between the optimum amount of lubricant and the properties of plastics
When the amount of lubricant is small:
The processing performance may be affected, and the fluidity of the plastic melt becomes worse during processing, resulting in increased processing difficulty and increased energy consumption. For example, during the extrusion process, there may be problems such as excessive extrusion pressure and rough extrudate surface.
The appearance quality of the product may be poor, prone to defects, ripples, welding marks and other defects.
As the amount of lubricant is gradually increased to the optimal amount:
The processing properties of plastics are significantly improved, the melt flow becomes smooth, and the energy consumption during processing is reduced.
The appearance of the product is smoother and more uniform, and the surface quality is improved.
Physical properties such as tensile strength, bending strength, etc. are maintained or slightly improved to a certain extent.
However, when the amount of lubricant exceeds the optimal amount:
The mechanical properties of plastics may be reduced, such as tensile strength and impact strength, resulting in reduced durability and reliability of products.
There may be lubricant precipitation in the plastic, affecting the appearance of the product and subsequent performance.
Too much lubricant may also affect the binding properties of plastics with other materials, such as in composite or coating applications of plastics.
For example, in the production of plastic film, if the amount of lubricant is insufficient, the film may appear uneven thickness and rough surface problems; If the amount is too much, the strength of the film will decrease and it is easy to tear.
In short, only when the amount of lubricant is in the best range, can the ideal physical properties and appearance quality be obtained while ensuring the good processing properties of plastics.
